Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Inteko y’Umuco bwagaragaje ko abanyarwanda 68.2% ari bo basoma ibitabo, naho 31.8% bo ntibabisoma, ibitandukanye n’imibare y’ibarura rusange ry’abaturage n’imiturire ryo mu 2022 ryagaragaje ko 79% by’Abanyarwanda bazi gusoma no kwandika, bigasobanura icyuho cya 10.8% kiri hagati yo kumenya gusoma no kugira umuco wo gusoma ibitabo.
Iyi mibare ikubiye mu bushakashatsi ku “Isuzumabipimo ku murage ndangamuco w’u Rwanda 2025”. Ubu bukabwa bwarakozwe n’Inteko y’umuco mu turere twose tw’Igihugu hagamijwe gusuzuma ikigero Abanyarwanda bahugukiweho umurage ndangamuco w’u Rwanda; aho bageze bawubungabunga ndetse n’ingamba babona zafasha mu kurushaho kuwusigasira.
Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza ibipimo ku murage ndangamuco w’u Rwanda ni bwo bwa mbere bwakozwe mu Gihugu.
Aho Inteko y’umuco isobanura ko buje ari igisubizo kizafasha inzego zifite umuco mu nshingano kumenya aho kongera imbaraga mu bukangurambaga zikora hagamijwe gushishikariza Abanyarwanda kurushaho gusigasira umuco wabo ndetse no gukomeza kuwutoza ababyiruka uko ibihe biha ibindi.
Ivuga ko kandi buzafasha kandi gufata ingamba zizatuma umubare w’abasura inkoranyabitabo n’ishyinguranyandiko by’Igihugu; ingoro n’ahantu ndangamurage n’uw’abasoma ibitabo wiyongera.
Umuco wo gusoma mu Rwanda mu mibare
Ubushakashatsi ku Murage Ndangamuco w’u Rwanda bwakozwe mu 2025 bugaragaza ko n’ubwo Abanyarwanda benshi bazi gusoma no kwandika, umuco wo gusoma ibitabo utaracengera mu mibereho ya benshi.
Imibare igaragaza ko 68.2% by’Abanyarwanda basoma ibitabo, mu gihe 31.8% batabisoma. Ibi bitandukanye n’imibare y’ibarura rusange ry’abaturage n’imiturire ryo mu 2022 ryagaragaje ko 79% by’Abanyarwanda bazi gusoma no kwandika, bigaragaza icyuho cya 10.8% kiri hagati yo kumenya gusoma no kugira umuco wo gusoma ibitabo.
Intebe y’Inteko, Amb.Masozera Robert, yatangaje ko bifuza ko iyi mibare yazamuka. Yagize ati “ Icyo gipimo cya 68% ntabwo tukishimiye, ntabwo ari cyiza kuko iyo urebye abazi gusoma no kwandika, bafite ubushobozi bwo gusoma no kwandika bo ni benshi… Hari icyuho kiri hagati y’abazi gusoma no kwandika n’abagize umuco wo gusoma no kwandika. Ibitabo nibijya mu ikoranabuhanga n’abamwe batabasha kujya mu masomero, bazajya bakoresha uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga basome.”
Ubushakashatsi busobanura ko iri tandukaniro riterwa ahanini n’uko gusoma ibitabo bitarafata umwanya mu muco nyarwanda, ku buryo hari n’abize bakanamenya gusoma badaha umwanya iki gikorwa.
Abenshi mu babajijwe bagaragaza ko gusoma ibitabo biterwa n’imyumvire, aho bamwe babifata nk’igikorwa kidafite akamaro kanini mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Mu Banyarwanda 31.8% badasoma ibitabo, 45.6% bavuga ko gusoma ibitabo batabiha agaciro, 35.4% bagaragaza ko ibitabo biboneka mu buryo bugoye, 9.8% bakavuga ko amasomero ari make, 7.2% bagasobanura ko ibitabo byanditse mu ndimi batumva, mu gihe 2.1% gusa ari bo bavuga ko bihenze.
Ibi bigaragaza ko imbogamizi nyamukuru atari ubushobozi bw’amikoro, ahubwo ari imyumvire no kutabona ibitabo mu buryo bworoshye.
Ku bijyanye n’ubwoko bw’ibitabo bisomwa mu Rwanda, ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko ibitabo by’ubumenyi birimo ibyanditse ku bukungu, ubumenyi, imiyoborere, iterambere n’ubuzima ari byo bisomwa cyane ku kigero cya 32%.
Ibi bikurikirwa n’ibitabo by’iyobokamana bisomwa ku kigero cya 24%, ibitabo by’amateka ku kigero cya 22%, ibitabo by’ubuvanganzo kuri 16%, naho ibinyamakuru bigasomwa ku 6% gusa.
Ibi bisobanurwa n’uko ibitabo by’ubumenyi bihuzwa n’ibyigishwa mu mashuri, bigasomwa hagamijwe kwiyungura ubumenyi.
Imibare igaragaza kandi ko urubyiruko ari rwo rufite umuco wo gusoma kurusha abandi.
Abari hagati y’imyaka 15 na 25 basoma ku kigero cya 77.2%, abakurikiraho ni ab’imyaka 26 na 35 ku 69.2%, hagakurikiraho ab’imyaka 36 na 50 ku 64%, mu gihe abafite hejuru y’imyaka 50 basoma ku 57.6%.
Ku bijyanye n’aho abantu batuye, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abatuye mu mijyi basoma ku kigero cya 68.3%, mu gihe abatuye mu cyaro basoma ku 67.6%.
Ubusesenguzi bw’amakuru y’abasoma ibitabo hashingiwe ku Ntara n’Umujyi
wa Kigali, buragaragaza ko Intara y’Iburasirazuba iza ku mwanya wa mbere, ku ijanisha rya 79.7%; Intara y’Amajyaruguru igakurikiraho n’ijanisha rya 76.7%; Umujyi wa Kigali uza ku mwanya wa gatatu n’ijanisha rya 68.2%; Intara y’Amajyepfo iza ku mwanya wa kane n’ijanisha rya 66.5%; naho Intara y’Iburengerazuba yo iza ku mwanya wa gatanu n’ijanisha rya 56.6%.
Batamuriza Cecile usanzwe ari umuhuzabikorwa w’isomero rusange ryo mu Murenge wa Gasanga mu Karere ka Gatsibo, avuga ko kimwe mu byafashije Intara y’Iburasirazuba kuza imbere mu kugira abaturage benshi bafite umuco wo gusoma ari ingamba bafashe.
Ati “Twe dufite gahunda yo kujyana ibitabo ahabereye inteko y’abaturage, tugakangurira abantu kuza gusoma, dufite abakorerabushake kandi buri mukorerabushake tumuha ibitabo mu mududugu atuyemo agategura uburyo b’abantu bazaza gusoma.”
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza kandi ko umuryango ufite uruhare rukomeye mu gutoza abana umuco wo gusoma. Abagera kuri 69.6% by’ababajijwe bagaragaje ko batoza abana gusoma mu miryango yabo, mu gihe 30.4% batabikora.
Inteko y’Umuco igaragaza ko kugira ngo umuco wo gusoma urusheho gutera imbere, 48.1% by’ababajijwe basaba kongera ubukangurambaga ku muco wo gusoma, 34.3% bagasaba kwegerezwa ibitabo by’impapuro n’iby’ikoranabuhanga, 9.3% bagasaba gushyiraho amarushanwa yo gusoma no kwandika, mu gihe 5.6% basaba kwigisha ababyeyi gusoma no kwandika, hagamijwe ko na bo bagira uruhare mu gutoza abana babo.
Abasesenguzi bagaragaza ko gusoma ibitabo ari ishingiro ry’ubwenge, ubumenyi n’iterambere rirambye, bityo bigasaba ubufatanye bwa Leta, imiryango n’abaturage muri rusange mu kuzamura uwo muco wo gusoma.
MUGIRANEZA THIERRY/ UMUSEKE.RW